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The engine powered skid-steer loader consists of a rigid and small frame, equipped with lift arms that can connect to several industrial tools and attachments to perform several labor saving tasks. Typically, skid-steer loaders are four-wheel drive vehicles that have the left-hand side wheels working independent of the right-hand side wheels, although some models are outfitted together with tracks instead. On the four-wheel models, having each side independent of each other allows the wheel speed and rotation direction of the wheels to determine which direction the loader will turn.
The skid-steer loader is able to perform zero-radius turns or otherwise called "pirouettes." This added feature enables the skid-steer loader to be able to maneuver for particular applications that need an agile and compact loader.
The lift arms on the skid-steer loader are placed next to the driver along with pivots at the back of the driver's shoulders. These features makes the skid-steer loader different than the conventional front loader. Because of the operator's closeness to moving booms, early skid loaders were not as safe as conventional front loaders, specially through the operator's entry and exit. Today's' modern skid-steer loaders have numerous features to protect the driver like for example fully-enclosed cabs. Similar to several front loaders, the skid-steer model can push materials from one location to another, is capable of loading material into a truck or trailer and could carry material in its bucket.
Operation
More often than not a skid-steer loader is able to be utilized on a jobsite rather than a big excavator by digging a hole from within. To begin with, the skid-steer loader digs a ramp leading to the edge of the desired excavation, and after that it uses the ramp in order to excavate material out of the hole. As the excavation deepens, the equipment reshapes the ramp making it longer and steeper. This is a remarkably helpful method for digging below a building where there is not enough overhead clearance for the boom of a big excavator. For instance, this is a common scenario when digging a basement beneath an existing house or structure.
The skid-steer loader attachments add much flexibility to the machinery. Like for instance, conventional buckets on the loaders could be replaced accessories powered by their hydraulics including backhoes, tree spades, sweepers, mowers, snow blades, cement mixers and pallet forks. Several other popular specialized buckets and attachments include tillers, stump grinders rippers, wheel saws, snow blades, trenchers, angle booms, dumping hoppers, wood chipper machines and grapples.
History
During the year 1957, the first front-end, 3-wheeled loader was invented in Rothsay, in the state of Minnesota by brothers Louis and Cyril Keller. The brothers invented the loader in order to help a farmer mechanize the process of cleaning turkey manure from his barn. This equipment was light and compact and had a back caster wheel that allowed it to turn around and maneuver within its own length, enabling it to perform the same jobs as a traditional front-end loader.
In 1958, the Melroe brothers of Melroe Manufacturing Company in Gwinner, N.D. acquired the rights to the Keller loader. They hired the Keller brothers to continue refining their loader invention. The M-200 Melroe was the result of this particular partnership. This particular model was a self-propelled loader which was launched to the market in the year 1958. The M-200 Melroe featured a two independent front drive wheels, a rear caster wheel, a 12.9 HP engine and a 750 lb lift capacity. By 1960, they changed the caster wheel together with a back axle and launched the first 4 wheel skid steer loader that was referred to as the M-400.
The M-400 immediately became the Melroe Bobcat. Often the term "Bobcat" is used as a generic term for skid-steer loaders. The M-440 was powered by a 15.5 HP engine and had 1100 lb rated operating capacity. The company continued the skid-steer development into the mid 1960s and introduced the M600 loader.
