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Some commercial and industrial buildings could reach heights of more than 60 stories. Apparently, when these buildings are being built, they require equally tall cranes to transport the materials to the higher floors. There are cranes which are operated from the rear of trucks or other kinds that have their own vehicle connected. Tower cranes are the biggest ones on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures that are normally seen on high-rise building projects. Often, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. Wherever new construction such as apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like shopping center are being constructed, chances are a crane will be on site.
Types
There are two different kinds of cranes: jib crane of the boom crane. The jib is a metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries items. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib can ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds can vary from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 pounds
Body
The crane's body is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of individual sections. In order to increase the overall height of the equipment, parts are added. The mast extends upward to wherever the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The operator of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane uses a braided metal cord to raise materials. This cord extends out from a motor located next to the control module to the end of the boom or jib. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy supplies are lifted.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a specific type of mobile crane. These cranes make use of hydraulics and can lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics uses forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom in order to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are very important in constructing major projects like for example airports, bridges, roadways and buildings. A crane can accomplish in minutes jobs which will normally take many hours and hundreds of men to complete.
These impressive machines have played a very important part in constructing houses, cities, individual buildings and entire nations throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids within Egypt were probably built with the help of basic cranes to allow the heaviest supplies in one of the most remarkable construction projects ever.
The very first cranes were established in 3000 B.C. Egypt in King Ramses'' reign. This lifting device was initially utilized to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These mechanism were utilized to create an entire country during the 5th century B.C.
Originally, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers constructing dockyards decided they required something stronger and larger did these machinery evolve. Hick & Rothwell developed the very first cast iron cranes during the year 1834, within Bolton, England. This machinery can lift up to 2 tons. That same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition enabled cranes to have a bigger capacity to lift heavy weights.
Ultimately, the wire ropes were weaved together in order to form an even more powerful strength. This wire formation also brought the added benefit of flexibility. 4 years later, Germany began to build cast iron cranes. The very first cast iron crane made by Germany was built within Neuburg.
